Barbed wire was ideally suited to the wide-open spaces of lands. It was relatively inexpensive, would not rot, was practically unaffected by fire, was strong and long-lasting, and was easily erected. Introduced in the 1860s, it quickly became widely-used: Between 1875 and 1885, the national consumption of barbed wire jumped from 300 tons to 130,000 tons.

Barbed wire usually consisting of two longitudinal wires twisted together to form cable and having wire barbs wound around either or both of the cable wires at regular intervals. The varieties of barbed wire are numerous, with cables being single or double, round, half-round, or flat and having a range of gauges. The twisted double cable provides extra strength and permits contraction and expansion without breakage. Barbs are diagonally cut in order to provide sharper points; they may consist of one or two pieces (two or four points) and are generally spaced at intervals of 4 to 5 inches

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Barbed wire became common in the American West in about the 1870s. It was in the First World War that it was first used widely for fortifications.

Barbed tape was first manufactured by Germany during World War I, as an expedient measure during a shortage of wire. Since it was simply punched out of a rolled ribbon of steel tape, it could be manufactured much faster. This early barbed tape had triangular barbs and no reinforcing wire. Consequently it was harder to cut with ordinary wire cutters, although it was easier to cut with shears, and was generally weaker.

Commencing in the early 1970s unreinforced barbed tape was commonly used in perimeter barriers in US prisons. Several manufacturers of barbed wire and barbed tape began to offer barbed tape with a reinforcing wire in the early 1980s. The first to be manufactured was probably around 1981, although this has been subject to a patent dispute.[citation needed] Early brand names of reinforced barbed tape included "Man Barrier" and "Razor Ribbon". The latter probably lent its name to the modern slang term.